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Q: How can I eat well while undergoing radiation therapy? A: Eating well can be difficult during radiation therapy, especially when receiving this treatment to the head, neck or chest areas. Radiation Side Effects The side effects from radiation typically start to occur about 2 weeks into treatment and can last for a few weeks after treatment has ended. The usual side effects from radiation can include difficulty chewing or swallowing due to soreness of the mouth and throat, heartburn, and a feeling of fullness or pressure in the area of the esophagus which is just above the stomach. Another common occurrence during treatment can be dryness of the mouth or very thick saliva which can also make eating a challenge. All of these side effects can contribute to a decrease in overall food and beverage intake resulting in weight loss and sometimes dehydration. What To Eat During Radiation Therapy Being prepared for these possible side effects is very important. This means eating and drinking well prior to the start of treatment and at the very beginning of treatment. In contrast to individuals who are trying to lose weight, consuming calorie dense foods which are also high in protein is recommended during treatment. This may mean eating foods which are higher in fat than what would normally be recommended for someone following a diet for cancer prevention. Foods that are moist and easy to chew and swallow are also recommended. For some individuals, it is easier to consume these calories and protein in liquid form like milkshakes or commercial high protein beverages or "health shakes". Examples Of Soft, High-Cal & High Protein Foods Some foods that are high calorie, high protein and easy to chew and swallow include: cheese, eggs, yogurt, puddings, soft meats, tofu, peanut butter (with jelly or something moist like bananas), custard, whole milk, casseroles, pasta with cream sauce, cream soups, etc. It is also extremely important to consume enough fluids. This can be especially challenging but cannot be emphasized enough. Dehydration due to lack of fluid intake is one of the most common reasons for hospitalization during treatment. Other Things To Consider If eating and drinking becomes too painful, a feeding tube placed into the stomach is an option which becomes a welcome relief for many patients struggling to maintain their nutrient intake and quality of life during treatment. It is also important to have a dietitian available during therapy who can provide ongoing suggestions and individualize your nutrition care plan based on your unique needs and preferences. If you have other nutrition questions, contact one of our dietitians directly by clicking the green box below.
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