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What causes cancer? |
Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. 1.Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, or exposure to carcinogens (cancer-causing substances). 2.Some gene alterations are inherited (from one or both parents). However, having an inherited gene alteration does not always mean that a person will develop cancer; it only means that the chance of getting cancer is increased. Scientists continue to study factors that may increase or decrease a person’s chance of developing cancer. 3.Although being infected with certain viruses, such as the human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B and C (HepB and HepC), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), increases the risk of some types of cancer, cancer itself is not contagious. A person cannot catch cancer from someone who has this disease. Scientists also know that an injury or bruise does not cause cancer. |
*The service provided is educational. Cancer Answers nurses do not diagnose or suggest cancer treatments and the information is not intended to replace the advice you receive from your physician. The questions and answers presented are representative of actual calls to Cancer Answers as well as other sources such as American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute.
